International Journal of

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The refraction phenomenon at the interface of an ordinary material and a lossy metamaterial has been investigated. For oblique incidence on the lossy metamaterial, the planes of constant amplitude of the refracted wave are parallel to the interface and the plane of constant phases make a real angle with the interface (real refraction angle). The real refraction angle and hence, the real refraction index corresponds to the real refraction angle which satisfies the real version of Snell's law are negative in two different regimes. In one regime, the metamaterial is double-negative, while in the other one it is single-negative. Moreover, we show that the plane wave solution for the refracted wave is causal in both double-negative and single-negative regimes

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We perform a theoretical investigation on the Goos-Häenchen shift (the lateral shift) in one-dimensional photonic crystals (1DPCs) containing left-handed (LH) metamaterials. The effect was studied by use of a Gaussian beam. We show that the giant lateral displacement is due to the localization of the electromagnetic wave which can be both positive and negative depending on the incidence angle of Gaussian beam that can be excited the forward and backward surface states, respectively. Dependence of beam width on the incidence angle of beam and thickness of air layer for both backward and forward surface states are studied in this paper. We also find that the weak lossy in LH layers of 1DPCs may affect these shifts. These giant negative and positive lateral shifts are smaller than that of the lossless structure.

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Based on transformation optics‎, ‎we propose an illusion device that can make‎ ‎objects look much smaller and different than they actually are‎. ‎In particular‎, ‎the device has a capability to hide a large object (like an elephant) into a‎ ‎small one (like a matchbox)‎. ‎Compared to previous proposals for illusion‎ ‎devices‎, ‎there is no requirement for negative refractive index or for speed of‎ ‎light going to infinity as in Euclidean invisible cloaks‎. ‎We demonstrate the‎ ‎functionality of the device by full wave simulations‎.

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In this paper, an ideal cylindrical metamaterial invisibility cloak with infinite-length which its electric permittivity and magnetic permeability mapped to the Drude dispersion model is simulated. The sinusoidal plane waves with microwave frequencies used as sources. To this end, the dispersive finite-difference time-domain method (FDTD) used with Convolutional Perfectly Matched Layered (CPML) absorbing boundaries conditions. A comparison performed between scattering of cloaked and non-cloaked PEC cylinder. And finally, the influence of incident wave frequency, thickness of cloak and observer angle relative to the propagation line to performance of cloak, was surveyed.

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Photonic crystal design procedure for negative refraction has so far been based on trial and error. In this paper, for the first time, a novel and systematic design procedure based on physical and mathematical properties of photonic crystals is proposed to design crystal equi-frequency contours (EFCs) to produce negative refraction. The EFC design is performed by the help of rectangular stair-case (RSC) photonic crystals. The RSC crystal is then converted to more common structures like pillar crystals by matching Fourier coefficients of periodic electric permittivity. Methods to design common crystals which have approximately equal Fourier components to the RSC crystal are also discussed. The proposed procedure can be used to design metamaterials without the difficulties of large trial and error. The devised procedure can also be applied in designing other structures involving photonic crystals.

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A bi-isotropic magneto-electric metamaterials is modeled by two independent reservoirs. The reservoirs contain a continuum of three dimensional harmonic oscillators, which describe polarizability and magnetizability of the medium. The paper aimed to investigate the effect of electromagnetic field on bi-isotropic. Starting with a total Lagrangian and using Euler-Lagrange equation, researcher could obtain a quantum Langevin type dissipative equation for electromagnetic field. Generating functional of the system is obtained by the path integral method and based on the perturbative approach. By generating functional, a series expansion in terms of susceptibility function of the bi-isotropic metamaterials is obtained for correlation function or two-point Green’s function. In special case, the close relationship between statistical mechanics and quantum field theory,which was reflected in the path integral methods, could obtain free energy of electromagnetic field for isotropic metamaterial using two-point Green’s function. As an example, the Casimir force of two polarizable metamaterial spheres by Lorentz susceptibilities was studied. Furthermore, Casimir force of two polarizable-magnetizable metamaterials was calculated.