Volume 13, Issue 2 (International Journal of Optics and Photonics (IJOP) Vol 13, No 2, Summer-Fall 2019)                   IJOP 2019, 13(2): 119-126 | Back to browse issues page


XML Print


1- Department of Electrical Engineering, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz,
Abstract:   (4506 Views)
In this paper, we proposed an all optical 4-to-2 encoder that has 4 input and 3 output ports. This device generates a 2 bit binary code based on which input port is active. We used nonlinear photonic crystal ring resonators along with optical power splitter for realizing the proposed encoder. In this device the switching rate and area are obtained about 333 GHz and 612µm2 respectively.
Full-Text [PDF 573 kb]   (2439 Downloads)    
Type of Study: Research | Subject: General
Received: 2018/01/22 | Revised: 2018/05/29 | Accepted: 2018/08/15 | Published: 2019/12/27

References
1. A. Abbasi, M. Noshad, R. Ranjbar, and R. Kheradmand, "Ultra compact and fast All Optical Flip Flop design in photonic crystal platform," Opti. Commun. vol. 282, pp. 5073-5078, 2012. [DOI:10.1016/j.optcom.2012.06.095]
2. Y. Liu, F. Qin, and Z. Meng, "All-optical logic gates based on two-dimensional low-refractive-index nonlinear photonic crystal slabs," Opt. Exp. Vol. 19, pp. 1945-53, 2011. [DOI:10.1364/OE.19.001945]
3. K. Fasihi, "All-optical analog-to-digital converters based on cascaded 3-dB power splitters in 2D photonic crystals," Optik- Int. J. Light and Electron Opt. vol. 125, pp. 6520-6523, 2014. [DOI:10.1016/j.ijleo.2014.08.030]
4. B. Miao, C. Chen, A. Sharkway, S. Shi, and D. W. Prather, "Two bit optical analog-to-digital converter based on photonic crystals," Opt. Exp. vol. 14, pp. 7966-7971, 2006. [DOI:10.1364/OE.14.007966]
5. B. Youssefi, M. K. Moravvej-Farshi, and N. Granpayeh, "Two bit all-optical analog-to-digital converter based on nonlinear Kerr effect in 2D photonic crystals," Opt. Commun. vol. 285, pp. 3228-3233, 2012. [DOI:10.1016/j.optcom.2012.02.081]
6. J. D. Joannopoulos, S. G. Johnson, J. N. Winn, and R. D. Meade, Photonic Crystals: Molding the Flow of Light, Princeton University Press, 2008.
7. H. Alipour-Banaei and F. Mehdizadeh, "Significant role of photonic crystal resonant cavities in WDM and DWDM communication tunable filters," Optik- Int. J. Light and Electron Opt. vol. 124, pp. 2639-2644, 2013. [DOI:10.1016/j.ijleo.2012.07.029]
8. M. Djavid, F. Monifi, A. Ghaffari, and M. S. Abrishamian, "Heterostructure wavelength division demultiplexers using photonic crystal ring resonators," Opt. Commun. vol. 281, pp. 4028-4032, 2008. [DOI:10.1016/j.optcom.2008.04.045]
9. F. Mehdizadeh, H. Alipour-Banaei, and S. Seraj-mohammadi, "Channel-drop filter based on a photonic crystal ring resonator," J. Opt. vol. 15, pp. 07540, 2013. [DOI:10.1088/2040-8978/15/7/075401]
10. H. Alipour-Banaei, M. Hassangholizadeh-Kashtiban, and F. Mehdizadeh, "WDM and DWDM optical filter based on 2D photonic crystal Thue-Morse structure," Optik- Int. J. Light and Electron Opt. vol. 124, pp. 4416-4420, 2013. [DOI:10.1016/j.ijleo.2013.03.027]
11. A. Dideban, H. Habibiyan, and H. Ghafoorifard, "Photonic crystal channel drop filters based on fractal structures," Physica E: Low-dimensional Sys. Nanostruc. vol. 63, pp. 304-310, 2014. [DOI:10.1016/j.physe.2014.06.009]
12. Z. Qiang, W. Zhou, and R. Soref, "Optical add-drop filters based on photonic crystal ring resonators," Opt. Exp. vol. 15, pp. 1823-1831, 2007. [DOI:10.1364/OE.15.001823]
13. S. Robinson and R. Nakkeeran, "Two dimensional Photonic Crystal Ring Resonator based Add Drop Filter for CWDM systems," Optik- Int. J. Light and Electron Opt. vol. 124, pp. 3430-3435, 2013. [DOI:10.1016/j.ijleo.2012.10.038]
14. S. Roshan Entezar, "Photonic crystal wedge as a tunable multichannel filter," Superlatti. Microstruc. vol. 82, pp. 33-39, 2015. [DOI:10.1016/j.spmi.2015.01.039]
15. L. Jiu-Sheng, L. Han, and Z. Le, "Compact four-channel terahertz demultiplexer based on directional coupling photonic crystal," Opt. Commun. vol. 350, pp. 248-251, 2015. [DOI:10.1016/j.optcom.2015.04.034]
16. F. Mehdizadeh and M. Soroosh, "A new proposal for eight-channel optical demultiplexer based on photonic crystal resonant cavities," Photon. Net. Commun. vol. 31, pp. 65-70, 2015. [DOI:10.1007/s11107-015-0531-1]
17. A. Rostami, H. Alipour-Banaei, F. Nazari, and A. Bahrami, "An ultra-compact photonic crystal wavelength division demultiplexer using resonance cavities in a modified Y-branch structure," Optik- Int. J. Light and Electron Opt. vol. 122, pp. 1481-1485, 2011. [DOI:10.1016/j.ijleo.2010.05.036]
18. R. Selim, D. Pinto, and S. S. A. Obayya, "Novel fast photonic crystal multiplexer-demultiplexer switches," Opti. Quan. Electron. vol. 42, pp. 425-433, 2011. [DOI:10.1007/s11082-011-9438-y]
19. H. G. Teo, A. Q. Liu, J. Singh, M. B. Yu, and T. Bourouina, "Design and simulation of MEMS optical switch using photonic bandgap crystal," Microsys. Technol. vol. 10, pp. 400-406, 2004. [DOI:10.1007/s00542-004-0416-1]
20. T. Wang, Q. Li, and D. Gao, "Ultrafast polarization optical switch constructed from one-dimensional photonic crystal and its performance analysis," Chin. Sci. Bull. vol. 54, pp. 3663-3669, 2009. [DOI:10.1007/s11434-009-0403-0]
21. H. Alipour-Banaei, S. Serajmohammadi, and F. Mehdizadeh, "All optical NOR and NAND gate based on nonlinear photonic crystal ring resonators," Optik- Int. J. Light and Electron Opt. vol. 125, pp. 5701-5704, 2014. [DOI:10.1016/j.ijleo.2014.06.013]
22. K. Goudarzi, A. Mir, I. Chaharmahali, and D. Goudarzi, "All-optical XOR and OR logic gates based on line and point defects in 2-D photonic crystal," Opt. Las. Technol, vol. 78, pp. 139-142, 2016. [DOI:10.1016/j.optlastec.2015.10.013]
23. P. Rani, Y. Kalra, and R.K. Sinha, "Design of all optical logic gates in photonic crystal waveguides," Optik- Int. J. Light and Electron Opt. vol. 126, pp. 950-955, 2015. [DOI:10.1016/j.ijleo.2015.03.003]
24. N. Saidani, W. Belhadj, and F. AbdelMalek, "Novel all-optical logic gates based photonic crystal waveguide using self-imaging phenomena," Opt. Quan. Electron. vol. 47, pp. 1829-1846, 2014. [DOI:10.1007/s11082-014-0047-4]
25. H. Alipour-Banaei, F. Mehdizadeh, S. Serajmohammadi, and M. Hassangholizadeh-Kashtiban, "A 2×4 all optical decoder switch based on photonic crystal ring resonators," J. of Mod. Opt. vol. 62, pp. 430-434, 2014. [DOI:10.1080/09500340.2014.957743]
26. T.A. Moniem, "All optical active high decoder using integrated 2D square lattice photonic crystals," J. Mod. Opt. vol. 62, pp.1643-1649, 2015. [DOI:10.1080/09500340.2015.1061061]
27. S. Serajmohammadi, H. Alipour-Banaei, and F. Mehdizadeh, "All optical decoder switch based on photonic crystal ring resonators," Opt. Quan. Electron. vol. 47, pp. 1109-1115, 2014. [DOI:10.1007/s11082-014-9967-2]
28. T.A. Moniem, "All-optical digital 4 × 2 encoder based on 2D photonic crystal ring resonators," J. Mod. Opt. vol. 126, pp. 2368-2372, 2015. [DOI:10.1080/09500340.2015.1094580]
29. M. Hassangholizadeh-Kashtiban, R. Sabbaghi-Nadooshan, and H. Alipour-Banaei, "A novel all optical reversible 4×2 encoder based on photonic crystals," Optik- Int. J. Light and Electron Opt. vol. 126, pp. 2368-2372, 2015. [DOI:10.1016/j.ijleo.2015.05.140]
30. H. Alipour-Banaei, M.G. Rabati, P. Abdollahzadeh-Badelbou, and F. Mehdizadeh, "Application of self-collimated beams to realization of all optical photonic crystal encoder," Physica E: Low-dimensional Sys. Nanostructure vol. 75, pp. 77-85, 2016. [DOI:10.1016/j.physe.2015.08.011]
31. S. Johnson, and J. Joannopoulos, "Block-iterative frequency-domain methods for Maxwell's equations in a plane-wave basis," Opt. Exp. vol. 8, p. 173-179, 2001. [DOI:10.1364/OE.8.000173]
32. A. Taflove and S.C. Hagness, Computational Electrodynamics: The Finite-difference Time-domain Method, Artech House, Boston, 1995.
33. H.A. Haus, Waves and Fields in Optoelectronics, Prentice Hall, 1984.

Rights and permissions
Creative Commons License This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.